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B&NES Local Plan Revised Deposit - contents
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Bath & North East Somerset Local Plan Revised Deposit 2003
Chapter D12. The Requirements and Implications of Development
D12.1 The expected journey generation and the nature of any impact on the
safe and efficient functioning of the transport system as a whole will be major
considerations in the Council's determination of planning applications.
Developers will be required to submit sufficient data to enable the Council to
assess these matters and to demonstrate that any traffic reduction targets or
initiatives aimed at promoting public transport, cycling and walking set out in
the Local Transport Plan will not be jeopardised by their proposals. In the case
of large scale developments this will take the form of a full scale Transport
Assessment as described in Policy T26 and the associated
schedule below, but many applications for development below the thresholds set
out in that schedule will need to specify access and parking needs.
D12.2 The Council is hopeful that developments will make a positive
contribution towards the achievement of the Council's traffic reduction targets
instead of simply having a neutral impact on the transport system. There are at
least three ways in which this may be brought about.
-
The new development may be so designed and located that
car use is discouraged and access by other modes encouraged.
-
The occupier(s) of the development may build on this
initial advantage and seek to secure changes in the travel behaviour of
employees, clients or other visitors by drawing up a workplace or school
travel plan which would be submitted to the Council for approval very often
as a Planning Obligation. These Plans do not have to be associated with
development and can be phased to take account of planned improvements in
public transport for example.
-
The development may make a financial contribution towards
the implementation of the Council's various access strategies which have
been outlined in this Section. Such contributions will be tailored as far as
possible according to the nature and location of the development.
D12.3 The new PPG13 sets out national maximum parking standards for large
developments but makes it clear that these will not be appropriate in many
locations. The Council will use the criteria in Policy T27 to determine an
appropriate level of provision, taking account of any Transport Assessment
submitted in line with policy TP26 and in some places such as
the centre of Bath may restrict this to operational parking. Detailed parking
standards for developments not covered by the national standards are being drawn
up by the Council and will be adopted as Supplementary Planning Guidance in due
course.
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POLICY T.24
Development will be permitted if, as appropriate it provides:
-
a high standard of highway safety;
-
safe and convenient access for pedestrians including
those with a mobility impairment;
-
safe access for cyclists and cycle parking;
-
facilities for public transport including measures which
would facilitate the early introduction or enhancement of services;
-
adequate vehicular access having regard to environmental
considerations and, in addition;
-
it avoids the introduction of traffic of excessive
volume, size or weight onto an unsuitable road system or into an
environmentally sensitive area;
-
it avoids an increase in on-street parking in the
vicinity of the site which would detract from highway safety and/or
residential amenity; and
-
provision is made for any improvements to the transport
system which are required to render the development proposal acceptable
having regard to the safe and efficient functioning of the transport system
and the traffic targets and related initiatives set out in the Local
Transport Plan.
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POLICY T.25
Planning applications for development of a type and scale above the
thresholds set out in the schedule attached to this policy must be accompanied
by a Transport Assessment. This will
-
estimate the likely modal split of journeys to and from
the site;
-
specify measures to improve access by public transport,
walking and cycling; and
-
specify measures to reduce the number and impacts of
motorised journeys associated with the proposed development.
The Council may require that details of these measures, including their
implementation and funding be included in a travel plan to be submitted to and
formally agreed by the Council in association with the granting of planning
permission.
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PARKING
STANDARDS
D12.3 The new
PP
G13 sets out national maximum parking standards for large developments but makes
it clear that these will not be appropriate in many locations.
The Council will use the criteria in Policy T27 T.26 to determine an appropriate level of provision, taking account
of any Transport Assessment submitted in line with policy TP26 T.25
and in some places such as the centre of Bath may restrict this to
operational parking. Detailed
parking standards for developments not covered by the national standards are
being drawn up by the Council and will be adopted as Supplementary Planning
Guidance in due course. Development
at locations which have good accessibility by non-car modes or where there is
adequate public off-street or shared parking available will be expected to
provide less than the permitted maximum level of parking.
The Council will expect that applicants for development with significant
transport implications should show (where appropriate in a Transport Assessment)
the measures they are taking to minimise the need for parking.
The standards set out in the schedules to Policy T.26 should therefore be
regarded as only the starting point in determining what would be acceptable
provision in any specific location.
D12.4 The use of the criteria
in Policy T.26 to determine parking provision will mean that for many uses very
little off-street parking will be permitted within and close to the centres of
Bath
, Keynsham, Midsomer Norton and Radstock.
The Council may welcome car-free developments in which no or very
little provision is made for the private car and residents make a conscious
decision to live without one. In
many instances where development includes the use of existing buildings or is in
a sensitive location, it may be impossible, or undesirable to provide off-street
parking. It is however recognised
that the availability of secure off-street parking can encourage residents to
leave the car at home and use public transport.
D12.5 The Council proposes to
provide clearer guidance to developers by defining accessibility zones within
which different parking standards will apply.
This will be possible when a methodology can be devised which is
sufficiently sensitive to the differing circumstances and characteristics of
individual sites and locations and yet is not too complex to preclude its
practical application in development control.
Such refinement of the Councils parking standards will be introduced
by way of Supplementary Planning Guidance or future revisions of this Plan.
D12.6 The car parking standards
in Policy T.26 will be applied as maximum standards unless the applicant can
satisfactorily demonstrate (when appropriate through a Transport Assessment)
that a higher level of parking is needed. In
such cases the applicant should show the measures they are taking to minimise
the need for parking. Conversely
developers will not be required to provide more off-street parking than they
themselves wish unless the likely increase in on-street parking would have
unresolveable implications for road safety or seriously detract from the
amenities of local residents.
D12.7 When the environmental
capacity of a site is being evaluated (clause (iii) of Policy T.26) account
should be taken of the potential to provide underground or under-building
parking.
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POLICY T.26
Development will only be permitted if an appropriate level of on-site
servicing and parking is provided having regard to:
-
the maximum parking standards and the
suggested provision for drivers with disabilities and cycle parking cycle
parking standards set out in the schedules attached to this policy and
any additional standards which may be adopted by the Council as
Supplementary Planning Guidance;
-
the proposed use, any need for on-site provision to
ensure its efficient operation, and the likely extent of movement to and
from the site;
-
the environmental capacity of both the site and its
surroundings to accept parking;
-
the capacity of the local highway network and the need to
control any increase in traffic levels;
-
the need to ensure highway safety;
-
the accessibility of the site by public transport,
including Park and Ride;
-
the ease of access by cycle or on foot;
-
the availability of public car parking in the vicinity of
the site;
-
the provisions of any travel plan which may be submitted
by or on behalf of the proposed occupier of the premises;
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Schedule to Policy T.25
Transport Assessment Development Thresholds
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Land Use
|
Threshold above which Transport Assessments are
required
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|
Gross Floorspace
|
Site area in hectares for outline applications
|
| Food Retail |
1,000 sq.m. |
|
| Non Food Retail |
1,000 sq.m. |
|
| B1 Offices |
2,500 sq.m. |
0.4 |
| B2 Industry |
5,000 sq.m. |
2.0 |
| B8 Distribution & Warehousing |
10,000 sq.m. |
3.0 |
| D2 Cinema & Conference Centres |
1,000 sq.m. |
|
| D2 other leisure |
1,000 sq.m. |
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| D2 Stadia |
1,500 seats |
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| Education |
2,500 sq.m. |
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| Residential |
100 dwellings |
3.0 |
Smaller developments may will
be required to provide a simple statement of transport and car
parking needs as appropriate to the scale and location of the proposal.
Full assessments will be required to accompany applications for development
below these thresholds if additional development is proposed in the vicinity
which would have a comparable impact on the transport system.
*Gross Floorspace = the entire
area of the building measured externally and including all partitions,
corridors, etc.
Schedule to Policies T.6 and T.26
National Maximum Parking Standards
|
USE
|
NATIONAL MAXIMUM PARKING STANDARD
1 space per square metre (m2) of gross floorspace unless
otherwise stated
|
THRESHOLD FROM AND ABOVE WHICH STANDARD APPLIES
|
(gross floorspace) |
|
|
Food retail |
1 space per 14 sq.m |
1000 sq.m |
Non food retail |
1 space per 20 sq.m |
1000 sq.m |
Cinemas and conference facilities |
1 space per 5 seats |
1000 sq.m |
D2 (other than cinemas, conference and stadia) |
1 space per 22 sq.m |
1000 sq.m |
B1 including offices |
1 space per 30 sq.m |
2500 sq.m |
Higher and further education |
1 space per 2 staff + 1 space per 15 students
(see note 1)
|
2500 sq.m |
Stadia
(see note 2) |
1 space per 15 seats
|
1500 seats |
NOTES:
-
The standard for students relates to the
total number of students attending an educational establishment, rather than
full-time equivalent figures.
-
For stadia, sufficient coach parking should
be provided to the satisfaction of the local authority and treated separately
from car parking. Coach parking should be designed and managed so that it will
not be used for car parking.
-
Parking for disabled people should be
additional to the maximum parking standards.Development proposals should provide
adequate parking for disabled motorists, in terms of numbers and design (see
Traffic Advice Leaflet 5/95, Parking for Disabled People).
-
For mixed use development, the gross
floorspace given over to each use should be used to calculate the overall total
maximum parking figure. For land uses not covered in these standards, the most
stringent regional or local standards should apply.
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PARKING
STANDARDS
(Incorporating
National Maximum Standards from
PPG13)
|
| Use
Class
|
Description
of Use
|
Parking
Provision
Maximum Standards
(unless otherwise stated)
|
Notes
|
| A1
|
Retail
(includes cash and carry)
|
Below
200mē No specific standard
Between
200mē and 1000mē
1
space per 35mē
Above
1000mē
Non
food: 1 space per 20mē
Food:
1 space per 14mē
|
Each
case assessed on merit.
Large
non food retail stores will be required to accept a planning condition
precluding food sales within Class A1 unless an area of land sufficient to
satisfy the higher parking standard can be accommodated on site without
compromising landscape setting or other amenities.
|
| A2
|
Financial
and Professional Services
|
1
space per 35mē
|
|
| A3
|
Restaurants,
Cafes and Public Houses
Hot
food takeaway
Transport Cafes
|
1
space per 5mē
5
spaces
1 lorry spa
ce of 50mē
per
5mē of dining ar
ea.
|
Standard
applies to eating and drinking areas only.
Any residential accommodation to be assessed separately.
Provision for appropriate manoeuvring.
|
| B1
|
Offices
|
1
space per 30mē
|
|
|
B1
&
B2
|
Light
industrial
R
& D, Laboratories
Studios,
General
Industry
(Manufacturing)
|
1
space per 40mē
|
Where
office content is in excess of 10% the office floorspace will be assessed
as B1 above.
For units in excess of 5000mē
parking requirements will be assessed on individual merits.
|
| B8
|
Storage,
distribution and Warehousing
|
1
space per 200mē
|
Where
office content is in excess of 10% the office floorspace will be assessed
as B1.
Restricted by condition or
agreement to "Wholesale distribution" only.
For any element of Cash and Carry retail standards will apply.
For units in excess of 5000mē parking requirements will be
assessed on individual merits.
|
| Use
Class
|
Description
of Use
|
Parking
Provision
Maximum Standards
(unless otherwise stated)
|
Notes
|
| C1
|
Hotels
and Guest Houses
|
1
space per bedroom
|
Public
drinking/dining areas and Conference/function areas assessed as A3.
Adequate setting down provision
for coaches and taxis is also required.
|
| C1
|
Hostels
(including Youth Hostels) and Halls of Residence for Students (detached
from education premises)
|
1
space per 2 bedrooms
|
Conference/function
and public drinking/dining areas, as for A3.
|
| C2
|
Hospitals
and Nursing Homes
Boarding
Schools
Residential
Colleges, Training Centres, Polytechnic/
University
Convalescent and Residential
Care Homes
|
1
space per 3 staff
plus
1
space per 3 beds
plus
5
sp
aces per consulting room
1 space for each duty staff.
1
space per each duty staff.
1 space per 2 staff
plus
1 space per 6 bed spaces
|
When
allocating parking spaces preference should be given to the needs of
patients and the operational needs of staff.
New/expanded health
facilities will be required to improve access by public transport, walking
and cycling and provision of Travel Plans will be sought.
Adequate disabled parking provision and dropping off facilities
must be provided.
Standard permits allowance for visitors.
Dropping off area and temporary parking area for open days to be
defined.
Educational establishments are expected to discourage use of cars by
students and staff. This
standard does not apply to the
University
of
Bath
where there is an approved
Travel/Transport Plan.
New/expanded facilities
will be required to improve access by public transport, walking and
cycling. Provision of Travel
Plans will be sought.
|
| C3
|
Houses/Flats/
Masionettes
|
(i)
One bedspace/bedroom
1
space per dwelling
plus
1
space per 4 dwellings for
communal
parking
(ii)
Two bedrooms
1.5
spaces per dwelling
plus
1
space per 4 dwellings for communal parking.
(iii)
Three bedrooms
2
spaces per dwelling
(iv)
four bedrooms and over
3
spaces per dwelling
(v)
Elderly Persons Dwellings
1
space per dwelling
1
space per warden (if applicable)
Category
1 (active elderly)
1
space per dwelling
plus
1
space per warden (if applicable)
category 2 (elderly or Frail
elderly assisted by Warden or emergency call system)
-
1 space per 3
dwellings
plus
1 space per warden
In
urban areas, development will not be
permitted
if the proposed average number of spaces per dwelling is in excess of 1.5.
Outside urban areas, an average of 1.5 spaces per dwelling is
encouraged but development proposing in excess of 2.5 spaces per dwelling
will not be permitted.
|
Residential
car parking can be in the form of:-
-
a garage
-
a space off the
carriageway
-
a car port
-
a drive within the
curtilage of the property.
-
Dependant on the
location and circumstances of the development, car parking provision can
be provided either within the curtilage of individual properties, as
-
overall parking
area(s) to serve the development or as part of the highway. The standards
will be applied flexibly in the interests of attaining optimum site/layout
and this may result, in certain circumstances the provision of driveway
space which effectively exceeds the standard.
Site
design should provide access for emergency vehicles)
|
|
Use
Class
|
Description
of Use
|
Par
king Provision
Maximum
Standards
(unless
otherwise stated)
|
Notes
|
| D1
|
Non
Residential Institutions
Places of Worship,
Church Halls
Medical/Health
Centres,
Dentists Veterinary Surgeries
Creches,
Day Centres, Day Nurseries
Primary and Secondary Schools and
Sixth
Form
Colleges
|
1
space per 22 sq.m.
5
spaces per consulting room
1
space per 35 sq.m.
1 space per 2 staff
|
In
applying these standards, account will be taken of the particular services
provided
Adequate and safe space for
picking up/setting down must be provided.
Adequate and safe space for picking up/setting down (including
coaches) must be provided. Hard play areas should be accessible for
visitor parking use on open days. Standard
may be relaxed where facilities are used for community or adult
educational purposes.
|
|
|
Colleges
of Further Education, Polytechnic/
University/Other
Training Centres
Art
Galleries/
Museums/
Exhibition
Halls/Citizens Advice Bureaux, Tourist Information Centres/Libraries
|
1
space per 2 staff
plus
1
space per 15 students
1 space per 35mē (Visitors)
plus
1
space per 150mē (staff)
|
Standard
for students relates to total number of students attending, not the full
time equivalent.
The provision of Travel Plans will be sought and the parking
standard will be more stringent where appropriate, depending on the
location of the development and the degree of accessibility by non car
modes
The parking standard may be
relaxed where facilities are to be used for community or adult education
purposes. Residential
accommodation to be assessed asC2/C3.
The allocation of staff and public spaces to be decided on merits
(including need to accommodate coaches).
|
|
Use
Class
|
Description
of Use
|
Parking
Provision
Maximum
Standards
(unless
otherwise stated)
|
Notes
|
| D2
|
Theatres/Cinemas/
Conference
Halls
Bingo/Hall/Casino
Sports
Hall/
Swimming
Baths/
Gymnasia/
Leisure
Centres
Dance
Halls/
Discos
|
space
per 22mē
1 space per 22mē
1 space per 22mē
1 space per 22mē
|
Adequate
and safe space for picking up/setting down must be provided including,
where applicable, space for coaches.
Drinking/dining
areas assessed as A3.
Adequate
and safe space for picking up/setting down must be provided including that
for buses.
Conference/function and
drinking/dining areas assessed as A3.
|
|
|
Other
Stadia
Petrol Filling Station
Vehicle Repair Garages,
Tyre
and Exhaust Centres
Motor vehicle sales
|
1 space per 15 seats
1 space per 35mē floor space of
sales kiosk
3 spaces per repair/service bay
4
spaces per MOT bay
1 space per 50mē of sales
display area.
|
Sufficient coach parking to be
provided and to be treated separately from car parking.
Workshop and other uses, assess as below.
Workshop and other uses, assess as below.
|
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PROVISION
FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
|
| |
Land
Use
|
Parking
Provision
Minimum Standard
|
Notes
|
| |
Shopping, leisure, recreation and other uses requiring public access
|
In addition to and equal to 5% of the level of parking derived from
the schedule attached to Policy T.7
T.26.
|
(1)
Car parking spaces should be clearly identified for blue badge
holders only and should be located so as to allow easy access to the
building they serve.
(2)
A minimum of 1 space should be provided where calculations produce
a figure of less than one whole space.
(3)
Where development is to take place without on-site parking the
availability of parking for disabled people in public/shared car parking
needs to be reassessed and additional provision funded by the development
if appropriate. The
availability of on-street parking for disabled people may also be taken
into consideration.
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CYCLE PARKING
General Provisions
-
One 'Sheffield' type parking stand (or
one of similar design and quality) is required for every
20 car spaces provided. Where a reduced standard of car parking provision is
applied, no reduction shall be made in the number of cycle stands to be
provided, which shall be based on the maximum non-operational car parking
standard.
-
At educational establishments and youth clubs the minimum
provision is one stand per 7 students.
-
A minimum of two parking stands shall be provided at any
one site unless there are overriding local circumstances for not providing
them, such as lack of space in front of a building where change of use is
proposed. In such circumstances, consideration should be given to the
provision of wall hoops or a similar device.
-
In the case of B1 developments such as business parks, a
minimum of two stands shall be provided within 20m of each unit. A higher
standard of provision may be required depending on the scale of the
development.
Additional Requirements
-
At sites frequented by touring cyclists and at all sites
where non-staff long stay (over 8 hours) parking can be anticipated, some of
the provision should consist of cycle lockers or a supervised cycle store in
place of 'Sheffield' stands. The proportion of superior provision will be
decided by the Council.
-
Where 5 or more stands are provided as a group, they
should be located under cover, lit at night, and adequately signed. The
detailed design and lighting of such facilities should pay due regard to
their location and surroundings.
Location of Parking Spaces
-
Visitors' parking should be located in close proximity
to, and no more than 20m from, access points to buildings. Staff, student
and long stay parking may be located at up to 50m from the access served,
except as in General Provisions 4, above. In the case of offices and similar
buildings separate parking may be provided for visitors and staff.
-
In general, cycle parking should be provided in locations
where it is regularly observed by passers-by or an official, such as a car
park attendant, in order to deter thieves. It should not be hidden away at
the sides or rear of a building.
MOTORCYCLE PARKING
Provision for motorcycle parking, including provision of security bars to
which machines can be attached, should also be made for all developments other
than private dwelling houses. Whilst no specific standards are given for
motorcycle parking, the aim generally will be to achieve one motorcycle space
for every 20 car spaces provided, depending on the location and type of
development proposed.
DEFINITIONS
Operational Parking:
The space required for vehicles regularly and necessarily involved in the
function of particular premises. By way of example, operational parking includes
space for the delivery or collection of goods, space for picking up or setting
down passengers and space for storing or servicing vehicles, only where these
operations are a necessary on-site requirement of the business being carried on.
Non-Operational Parking:
The space required for vehicles used by customers or those employed at an
establishment.
Car Space:
An area measuring 4.88m x 2.44m (16 ft x 8 ft).
GFA: Gross floor area;
the entire area of the building measured externally and including all
partitions and corridors etc.
Disabled Parking Space:
Normally will measure 4.88m x 3.6m (16 ft x 12 ft); or 4.88m x 3.0m (16 ft x
10 ft) where two adjacent bays may share an unloading area.
Sheffield Type Cycle Stand:
Tubular parking stand against which 2 cycles can be secured.
SECURITY
The design of new parking provision should take into account the need for
security and measures to reduce crime, e.g. lighting, CCTV, parking within view
of residents or employees etc.
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